Delineation of Bitumen Saturated Zones in Agbabu, Southwestern Nigeria, Using an Integrated Geophysical Methods
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
88-97
Received:
13 June 2020
Accepted:
24 June 2020
Published:
13 July 2020
Abstract: Delineation of bitumen saturated zones in Agbabu, southwestern Nigeria was carried out using an integrated geophysical methods involving the groundmagnetic and electrical resistivity methods. A total of four magnetic traverses were established in the East-west direction, each covering a total length of 130m. The groundmagnetic results revealed geologic structures favourable to accumulation of bitumen and its occurrence at near-surface. It was also revealed that the bituminous zone trend in the East- West direction of the study area. Two techniques was adopted under electrical resistivity method, the horizontal electrica profiling (HEP) and the vertical electrical sounding (VES). The HEP was used to measure the subsurface electrical variations and lateral extent of bitumen over the study area. Four traverses were established in the North-South direction for HEP and were used to generate electrical profiling curves, which showed low resistivity signatures over the study area. The low resistivity signatures were attributed to the intrusion of saline water to the bituminous zones. Two vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried out, VES1 and VES2 which were carried out on traverse 1 and traverse 3 had five and six geologic layers respectively. The bitumen saturated zones were found to be within layers three and four and underlained by saline water. The average depth to the bitumen saturated zones was found to be between 3.1m and 23.3m downwards. The near-surface occurrence of natural bitumen and the intrusion of saline water might hinder the feasibility of pure and quality water from the shallow hand-dug wells within the study area.
Abstract: Delineation of bitumen saturated zones in Agbabu, southwestern Nigeria was carried out using an integrated geophysical methods involving the groundmagnetic and electrical resistivity methods. A total of four magnetic traverses were established in the East-west direction, each covering a total length of 130m. The groundmagnetic results revealed geol...
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Annual Income Contribution of Wood Fuel Production from Small-scale Plantation Forest Experience from Farmers in Fagta Lekoma, Awi zone, Amhara, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
98-102
Received:
3 September 2020
Accepted:
22 September 2020
Published:
29 September 2020
Abstract: This study aims to examine the annual income contribution of wood fuel production from small - scale plantation forestry in Fagta Lekoma district of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Household surveys were conducted by following the snowball-sampling technique. The data analyzed by using STATA software and multiple linear regression model also employed to evaluate the contribution of wood fuel annual income from the total annual income of the households. About 9000 Ethiopian Birr (ETB) and (1 USD = 36.8 ETB) household income comes from charcoal selling which is the highest average annual income. The result of multiple linear regression analysis indicates that an increase in one unit (ETB) income from charcoal making leads to an increase in total annual income by 0.972 units (ETB). Annual income contribution of wood fuel production is the largest amount of income recorded followed by annual income from crop production. Plantation forestry plays a significant role not only economically but also by the provision of alternative livelihood options for households. Plantation forestry used as a means of soil reclamation as well as means of households’ income. Inaction and implementation of policies supporting plantation forestry sustain rural livelihood by increasing their adaptive potential for shock and stress by creating alternative means of livelihood.
Abstract: This study aims to examine the annual income contribution of wood fuel production from small - scale plantation forestry in Fagta Lekoma district of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Household surveys were conducted by following the snowball-sampling technique. The data analyzed by using STATA software and multiple linear regression model also employed to e...
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